Depression should not be diagnosed or excluded solely on the basis of a phq9 score. The phq 9 is a brief, 9 item scale that includes only the depression related items from the phq. Phq9 total score for the nine items ranges from 0 to 27. It is one of the most validated tools in mental health and can be a powerful tool to assist clinicians with diagnosing depression and monitoring treatment response. How to score the patient health questionnaire phq9 guide. If the phq2 is positive for depression, the phq 9 or a clinical. The 12month incidence and predictors of phq9screened. Guide for interpreting phq9 scores score action 04 the score suggests the patient may not need depression treatment 514 mild major depressive disorder. It is based directly on the it is based directly on the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorders in diagnostic and statistical manual fourth edition dsmiv 2.
The instrument aids in guiding criteria based diagnosis of depressive symptoms, can assist in identifying treatment goals, determining severity of symptoms, as well as. Phq9 depression scale university of washington aims center. In the above case, the phq 9 depression severity score is 16 3 items scored 1, 2 items scored 2, and 3 items scored 3. The phq9 is the 9item depression module from the full phq. It is based directly on the diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorders in.
The patient health questionnaire phq 9 is a widely used instrument to screen for depression in clinical research. Patient completes phq 9 quick depression assessment on accompanying tearoff pad. Have a look at the patient health questionnaire templates provided down below and choose the one that best fits your purpose. Depression is common in late life, affecting nearly 5 million of the 31 million americans aged 65 and older with clinically significant.
Depression screening the phq9 depression scale was used to screen for depressive symptoms on the basis of dsmiv diagnostic criteria. The phq 9 can be selfadministered or clinician administered. The phq9 is a depression scale consisting of nine questions. Phq9 nine symptom checklist university of washington. The phq9 can be used as a tool for diagnosing depression as well as for monitoring the patients treatment. Patient health questionnaire phq9 british columbia. Patient health questionnaire9 national institute on drug abuse.
Accuracy of three depression screening scales to diagnose. Of the 9 items, b, c, or d are circled as at least more than half the days. Initial visit tool 2 form for recording initial findings about the patient with possible depression phq 9 flow chart tool 3 tracking tool for phq 9 monitoring of depression response to treatment patient. The patient health questionnaire 2 item phq 2 is an ultrabrief screening instrument containing the first two questions from the phq 9 3 two screening questions to assess the presence of a depressed mood and a loss of interest or pleasure in routine activities, and a positive response to either question indicates further testing is required.
The diagnostic accuracy of the patient health questionnaire 9 phq 9 for assessment of depression in elderly persons in primary care settings in the united states has not been previously addressed. Based on clinical observation, we hypothesized that the hdrs17. The phq 9 is the 9 question depression scale of phq. The phq 9 is intended as a tool to assist clinicians with identifying and diagnosing depression but is not a substitute for diagnosis by a. Applied health sciences mental health, university of aberdeen. The video demonstrations show a care manager administering the phq 9 to a primary care patient in the initial visit and in the followup visit. The phq 9 is the nine item depression scale of the patient health questionnaire. Phq 9 quick depression assessment for initial diagnosis. Dimensional versus categorical use of the phq 9 depression scale among persons with nonsmallcell lung cancer.
Assessment of depression severity with the phq9 in cancer. At 9 items, the phq depression scale which we call the phq9 is half the length of many other. Depression screening by a nineitem patient health questionnaire phq 9 in adults. Patient health questionnaire 9 phq9 aims care partners. The prevalence of current depression was similar whether defined by the diagnostic algorithm or a phq8 score. Variations, taking into account individual circumstances, may be appropriate. The phq 9 is the nine item depression scale of the patient health questionnaire1. Patient completes phq9 quick depression assessment. Tools depression screen tool 1 a twoquestion screen to determine the possibility of depression in patients depression evaluation. Interpreting phq 9 scores actions based on ph9 score score action minimal depression 04 mild depression 5 9 moderate depression 1014 moderately severe depression 1519 severe depression 2027 5 14 15 the score suggests the patient may not need depression treatment physician uses clinical judgment about treatment, based. Dimensional versus categorical use of the phq9 depression. When used, an observer may make judgements and rate a person at a specified scale level with respect to identified characteristics. Greenberg, phd, rn, gnpbc, hartford institute for geriatric nursing, new york university rory meyers college of nursing why.
Of the 9 items, 5 or more are circled as at least more than half the days either item 1a or 1b is positive, that is, at least more than half the days scoring method for diagnosis minor depressive syndrome is suggested if. How to score the patient health questionnaire phq 9of the first nine items, five or more are checked as at least more than half the dayseither item 1. Assessing the validity of the phq9, hads, bdiii and qidssr. The phq 9 depression screener is available here in english, and a version with instructions for healthcare. The nine items of the phq 9 are based directly on the nine diagnostic criteria for major depressive. Scores of 5, 10, 15, and 20 represent cutpoints for mild, moderate, moderately severe and severe depression, respectively. A study of the diagnostic accuracy of the phq9 in primary. The second aim was to calculate unbiased estimates of the depression burden for several cancer groups taking into account age and gender distributions. Request pdf on mar 1, 2016, helen sawaya and others published adaptation and initial validation of the patient health questionnaire 9 phq9 and the generalized anxiety disorder 7. However, a shortcoming in our field is the lack of indepth knowledge about what this instrument is, how to interpret. Patient health questionnaire phq9 michigan medicine.
The patient health questionnaire phq 9 and the depression subscale of the hospital anxiety and depression scale hadsd are commonly used in primary care. Assessing the validity of the phq 9, hads, bdiii and qidssr 16 in measuring severity of depression in a uk sample of primary care patients with a diagnosis of depression author. Depressed patients had substantially more days of impairment across multiple domains of hrqol, and the impairment was nearly identical in depressed groups defined by either method. The patient health questionnaire phq 9 overview the phq 9 is a multipurpose instrument for screening, diagnosing, monitoring and measuring the severity of depression. Instruction manual instructions for patient health. The phq is a selfadministered version of the primemd, a screening tool that assesses 12 mental and emotional health disorders. It has modules on mood phq 9, anxiety, alcohol, eating, and somatoform disorders.
The phq8 as a measure of current depression in the general. The patient health questionnaire nineitem depression scale phq 9, and generalized anxiety disorder sevenitem scale gad7 were administered. Patient completes phq 9 quick depression assessment. Physician uses clinical judgment about treatment, based on patients duration of symptoms and functional impairment. Over the last two weeks, how often have you been bothered by any of the following problems. Geriatric depression scale gds15, phq 9, and the 17item hamilton rating scale for depression hdrs17 for the diagnosis of major depressive episodes in the elderly. Research has shown that certain scores on the phq 9 are strongly correlated with a subsequent diagnosis of major depression although not everyone with an elevated phq 9 is certain to have major depression. The phq is a component of a family of connected measures, as well as the phq 9, that is the depression scale from the phq, and also the phq 15, that is that the physical symptom scale from the phq. A depression rating scale is a psychiatric measuring instrument having descriptive words and phrases that indicate the severity of depression for a time period. Clinical guidelines advise screening for depression in patients with diabetes. Phq 9 questionnaire for depression scoring and interpretation guide for physician use only scoring. Major depression is diagnosed if 5 or more of the 9 depressive symptom criteria have been present at least more than half the days in the past 2 weeks, and 1 of the symptoms is depressed mood or anhedonia.
Since, majority of studies had used the gds as a screening tool for assessment of depression which is a. We further compared the accuracy of these three scales to identify major depression in this population. The first aim of this study was to psychometrically test the phq 9 in a large sample of cancer patients. Phq 9 patient depression questionnaire for initial diagnosis.
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